Genre: Zombie Apocalypse
Book: World War Z by Max Brooks
“A zombie apocalypse is a particular scenario of apocalyptic literature that customarily has a science fiction/horror rationale. In a zombie apocalypse, a widespread rise of zombies hostile to human life engages in a general assault on civilization.” (Wikipedia [Yes, I quoted Wikipedia])
History of the Genre:
Zombies have appeared in African and Haitian religions where they mindless people under the power of a sorcerer. There have been noted examples of this type of zombie throughout the years, especially in Haiti. (See
Stuff You Should Know Podcast for more information.)
They have also appeared throughout literary history, although in different forms. In “The Epic of the Gilgamesh”, there is a mention of the “dead go up to eat the living”. Frankenstein can even be considered a type of zombie as he was dead but has returned to life. It wasn’t until 1929’s novel “The Magic Island” by W. B. Seabrook that the word “zombi” was first introduced to the U.S., according to the Times.
Zombies became mainstream in the form of mindless human eating corpses that we know and love today thanks to George A. Romero’s 1964 film “Night of the Living Dead”. Romero used zombies “to criticize real-world social ills – such as government ineptitude, bioengineering, slavery, greed and exploitation – while indulging our post-apocalyptic fantasies” (Review). It was because of Romero that zombies became entwined with apocalypses.
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For those of you who like to play "Six Degrees", Karla's uncle was the gun-toting zombie.
And now you're only like three degrees from George Romero. You're welcome. |
Since Romero, zombies have permeated all parts of our culture, but are seen most commonly in movies. From Harry Potter to Shaun of the Dead to Return of the Living Dead, there have been many different variations on the “classic zombie”. Historically, most zombies are usually portrayed as slow, mindless creatures intent on eating uninfected flesh. Recently though, there have been exceptions including films like 28 Days Later and Zombieland that have involved fast zombies, arguably making them much scarier. The current trend is towards the zombie outbreak being caused by a biological weapon or disease which quickly spreads and collapses society, although past causes have seen vampire bats or hexes causing this plague.
Zombie Apocalyptic Literature:
It wasn’t until 1990 that zombies began appearing as a separate genre in literature, with “Book of the Dead” by John Skipp and Craig Spector being considered the first book to spawn the genre. Since then, the genre has taken off, especially in the last five years.
Some notable books include:
- “I Am Legend” by Richard Matheson – Written in 1954, this is where the genre began having a post-apocalyptic feel due to the infestation. Although usually considered a vampire novel, it heavily influenced George A. Romero’s films.
- “Cell” by Stephen King- Zombies are created by a “pulse” that is sent through cell phones. Published in 2006
- “Zombie Survival Guide” by Max Brooks- a very well researched “non-fiction” survival guide that predated World War Z.
- “Pride and Prejudice and Zombies” by Seth Grahame-Smith – Started the craze of “mashups” between classic novels and monsters.
- “Walking Dead” by Robert Kirkman- Graphic novel series and now a television series on AMC. Drawn in black and white, these books are very brutal but are really more concerned about the people and how they handle the breakdown of society.
- “Forest of Hands and Teeth"- A young adult series that deals with survival hundreds of years after the outbreak, which is a rare occurrence in this genre.
- “Zombie, Ohio” by Scott Kenemore- The main character is a zombie, although a highly functioning one.
- “Warm Bodies” by Isaac Marion- The main character is also a zombie, but is a more traditional one. Great humor in the book.
- “Hater” by David Moody- Originally published online, these zombies are more of the “rage” zombies and are not originally dead.
Zombies in the Library:
Like many other fads, libraries might be hesitant to really embrace these books but this trend has staying power and is in high demand. Hopefully, unlike young adult vampire romances, they will be with us for quite awhile, much like real zombies would.
Libraries can incorporate zombies into their marketing, like McPherson College
did, which received many good reviews as well as a lot of mentions on various blogs.
World War Z: An Oral History of the Zombie War
Other monsters may threaten individual humans, but the living dead threaten the entire human race…Zombies are slate wipers.
- Max Brooks
An epistolary novel, “World War Z” shows a range and depth that can easily be missed by other books that deal with only a few characters’ interactions with the zombie apocalypse. Influenced storytelling-wise by Studs Terkel’s novel on World War II entitled “The Good War” as well as zombie-wise by George A. Romero’s films. It was on the New York Times bestseller list for four weeks.
Other Forms:
An abridged audiobook was released with a large cast including Alan Alda, Carl Reiner, Rob Reiner and Mark Hamill.
A movie is being filmed right now, to be released on December 21, 2012. Brad Pitt is staring as Gerry Lane, the narrator. There does appear to be significant rewrites as the movie appears to take place during the outbreak instead of years afterwards, the zombies don’t appear to be slow, and Brad Pitt’s wife and children play large roles. However, some adaptions are to be expected as the book is not really written in a way that would easily transfer to film. (To see a brief clip of the movie, go
here!)